Researchers warn cheaper knockoff weight-loss drugs may pose health risks
For many people hoping to lose weight, the biggest obstacle isn’t finding a medication that works — it’s finding one they can afford.
As insurance companies continue limiting coverage for popular GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic, Wegovy and Zepbound, some patients are turning to less expensive compounded versions. Researchers at the University of Mississippi say that decision could come with significant health risks.
Compounded medications are custom-made by pharmacies and are not reviewed through the same approval process as drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Researchers say the FDA has already warned consumers about some compounded GLP-1 products after finding pharmacies selling medications made with unapproved ingredients or ingredients that differed from what patients believed they were purchasing.
“Those prices are more reasonable because these drugs are often not being manufactured correctly, and you don’t always know what you’re injecting into your body,” said Dr. Sujith Ramachandran, an associate professor of pharmacy administration at the University of Mississippi.
The warning comes as demand for GLP-1 medications continues to grow nationwide.
Although independent researchers have found the drugs provide strong health benefits relative to their cost, insurance companies continue to restrict coverage because of the large number of people who qualify for treatment. With obesity affecting roughly 40% of American adults, widespread coverage could add billions of dollars in spending for insurers.
Ramachandran said another challenge is that many patients stop taking the medications within a year because of cost, side effects or reaching their weight-loss goals. Without continued treatment and lifestyle changes, many regain the weight they lost.
Instead of relying on medication alone, researchers say successful long-term weight management requires nutrition counseling, regular physical activity and ongoing medical support.
For patients considering GLP-1 medications, researchers recommend talking with a physician before beginning treatment, confirming any medication is FDA-approved and avoiding products from unknown online sources.
While insurance coverage has expanded for some patients with conditions such as diabetes and sleep apnea, researchers believe access for weight loss alone could become more limited in the future.
